Copyright for all articles resides with the respective publishers. Electronic versions are provided for educational use only. Downloading of articles constitutes an agreement that they are for personal use only. Files may not be reposted without permission. The Social Cognition Lab supports scientific transparency and replication. Data and research materials from empirical articles published after 2015 are available on the Open Science Framework (see OSF links below). To request data or research materials from earlier articles, please email Bertram Gawronski.
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Recent Key Publications
Batailler, C., Brannon, S. M., Teas, P. E., & Gawronski, B. (2022). A signal detection approach to understanding the identification of fake news. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17, 78-98. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B., & Corneille, O. (in press). Unawareness of attitudes, their environmental causes, and their behavioral effects. Annual Review of Psychology. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ledgerwood, A., & Eastwick, P. W. (2022). Implicit bias ≠ bias on implicit measures. Psychological Inquiry, 33, 139-155. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Ng, N. L. (in press). Beyond trolleyology: The CNI model of moral-dilemma responses. Personality and Social Psychology Review. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Ng, N. L., & Luke, D. M. (2023). Truth sensitivity and partisan bias in responses to misinformation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 152, 2205-2236. [pdf] [supp] [osf] [tutorial]
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In Press
Gawronski, B. (in press). Automaticity and implicit measures. In H. T. Reis, T. V. West, & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (3rd edition). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (in press). Implicit bias: What is it and how does it matter for diversity, equity, and inclusion? In V. M. Esses, J. F. Dovidio, J. Jetten, D. Sekaquaptewa, & K. West (Eds.). The Sage Handbook of psychological perspectives on diversity, equity, and inclusion. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Corneille, O. (in press). Unawareness of attitudes, their environmental causes, and their behavioral effects. Annual Review of Psychology. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Luke, D. M., & Creighton, L. A. (in press). Dual-process theories. In D. E. Carlston, K. Johnson, & K. Hugenberg (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of social cognition (2nd edition). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Ng, N. L. (in press). Beyond trolleyology: The CNI model of moral-dilemma responses. Personality and Social Psychology Review. [pdf] [osf]
Ng, N. L., Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (in press). Thinking about reasons for one's choices increases sensitivity to moral norms in moral-dilemma judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
2024
Letourneau, D., & Gawronski, B. (2024). Incrimination through innuendo: A replication and extension. Social Psychology, 55, 51-61. [pdf] [osf]
Ng, N. L., Neumann, C. S., Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2024). Associations of aversive (‘dark’) traits and affiliative (‘light’) traits with moral-dilemma judgments: A preregistered exploratory analysis using the CNI model. Journal of Research in Personality, 109, Article 104450. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
2023
Dale, M. T., & Gawronski, B. (2023). Brains, trains, and ethical claims: Reassessing the normative implications of moral dilemma research. Philosophical Psychology, 36, 109-133. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Luke, D. M., & Körner, A. (2023). Consequences, norms, and general action tendencies: Understanding individual differences in moral dilemma judgments. In M. Berg, & E. Chang (Eds.), Motivation and morality: A multidisciplinary approach (pp. 113-132). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ng, N. L., & Luke, D. M. (2023). Truth sensitivity and partisan bias in responses to misinformation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 152, 2205-2236. [pdf] [supp] [osf] [tutorial]
Jin, R., Xia, T., Gawronski, B., & Hu, X. (2023). Attitudinal effects of stimulus co-occurrence and stimulus relations: Sleep supports propositional learning via memory consolidation. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 14, 51-59. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Ng, N. L., Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2023). Moral judgment under uncertainty: A CNI model analysis. European Journal of Social Psychology, 53, 1055-1077. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Paruzel-Czachura, M., Pypno, K., Everett, J. A. C., Bialek, M., & Gawronski, B. (2023). The drunk utilitarian revisited: Does alcohol really increase utilitarianism in moral judgment? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 49, 20-31. [pdf] [osf]
2022
Batailler, C., Brannon, S. M., Teas, P. E., & Gawronski, B. (2022). A signal detection approach to understanding the identification of fake news. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 17, 78-98. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B. (2022). Attitudinal effects of stimulus co-occurrence and stimulus relations: Paradoxical effects of cognitive load. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 48, 1438-1450. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B. (2022). Moral impressions and presumed moral choices: Perceptions of how moral exemplars resolve moral dilemmas. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 99, Article 104265. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Brannon, S. M., & Luke, D. M. (2022). Unintentional influences in intentional impression formation. In E. Balcetis, & G. B. Moskowitz (Eds.). The handbook of impression formation: A social psychological approach (pp. 199-219). New York, NY: Routledge. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Brannon, S. M., & Ng, N. L. (2022). Debunking misinformation about a causal link between vaccines and autism: Two preregistered tests of dual-process versus single-process predictions (with conflicting results). Social Cognition, 40, 580-599. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Brownstein, M., & Madva, A. (2022). How should we think about implicit measures and their empirical "anomalies"? Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 13(3):e1590. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ledgerwood, A., & Eastwick, P. W. (2022). Implicit bias ≠ bias on implicit measures. Psychological Inquiry, 33, 139-155. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ledgerwood, A., & Eastwick, P. W. (2022). Reflections on the difference between implicit bias and bias on implicit measures. Psychological Inquiry, 33, 219-231. [pdf]
Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2022). Temporal stability of moral dilemma judgments: A longitudinal analysis using the CNI model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 48, 1191-1203. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2022). Big Five personality traits and moral-dilemma judgments: Two preregistered studies using the CNI model. Journal of Research in Personality, 101, Article 104297. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Luke, D. M., Neumann, C. S., & Gawronski, B. (2022). Psychopathy and moral dilemma judgment: An analysis using the four-factor model of psychopathy and the CNI model of moral decision-making. Clinical Psychological Science, 10, 553-569. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Ng, N. L., Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2022). Prediction of dishonest behavior using the CNI model of moral dilemma judgment: A registered report. Comprehensive Results in Social Psychology, 6, 85-112. [pdf] [osf]
2021
Gawronski, B. (2021). Partisan bias in the identification of fake news. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 25, 723-724. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Brannon, S. M. (2021). Attitudinal effects of stimulus co-occurrence and stimulus relations: Range and limits of intentional control. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47, 1654-1667. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Luke, D. M., & Ng, N. L. (2021). Is less of an unhealthy ingredient healthy or unhealthy? Effects of mere co-occurrence and quantitative relations on attribute judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 97, Article 104193. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Green, L. J. S., Luck, C. C., Gawronski, B., & Lipp, O. (2021). Contrast effects in backward evaluative conditioning: Exploring effects of affective relief/disappointment versus instructional information. Emotion, 21, 350-359. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2021). Political ideology and moral dilemma judgments: An analysis using the CNI model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47, 1520-1531. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Luke, D. M., & Gawronski, B. (2021). Psychopathy and moral dilemma judgments: A CNI model analysis of personal and perceived societal standards. Social Cognition, 39, 41-58. [pdf] [osf]
Moran, T., Hughes, S., Hussey, I., Vadillo, M. A., Olson, M. A., Aust, F., Bading, K., Balas, R.,, Benedict, T., Corneille, O., Douglas, S. B., Ferguson, M. J., Fritzlen, K. A., Gast, A., Gawronski, B., Fernandez, T. G., Hanusz, K., Heycke, T., Högden, F., Hütter, M., Kurdi, B., Mierop, A., Richter, J., Sarzynska-Wawer, J., Smith, C. T., Stahl, C., Thomasius, P., Unkelbach, C., & De Houwer, J. (2021). Incidental attitude formation via the surveillance task: A pre-registered replication of the Olson and Fazio (2001) study. Psychological Science, 32, 120-131. [pdf] [osf]
Van Dessel, P., Ratliff, K. A., Brannon, S. M., Gawronski, B., & De Houwer, J. (2021). Illusory correlation effects on implicit and explicit evaluation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 47, 1480-1494. [pdf] [osf]
Weil, R., Palma, T., & Gawronski, B. (2021). Contextual positivity-familiarity effects are unaffected by known moderators of misattribution. Cognition and Emotion, 35, 636-648. [pdf] [osf]
2020
Brownstein, M., Madva, A., & Gawronski, B. (2020). Understanding implicit bias: Putting the criticism into perspective. Pacific Philosophical Quarterly, 101, 276-307. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Brannon, S. M. (2020). Power and moral dilemma judgments: Distinct effects of memory recall versus social roles. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 86, Article 103908. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Brannon, S. M., Blask, K., & Walther, E. (2020). Exploring the contextual renewal of conditioned attitudes after counterconditioning. Social Cognition, 38, 287-323. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Conway, P., Hütter, M., Luke, D. M., Armstrong, J., & Friesdorf, R. (2020). On the validity of the CNI model of moral decision-making: Reply to Baron and Goodwin (2020). Judgment and Decision Making, 15, 1054-1072. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B., De Houwer, J., & Sherman, J. W. (Eds.). (2020). Twenty-five years of research using implicit measures [Special Issue of Social Cognition, Volume 38, Issue Supplement]. New York, NY: Guilford Press. [toc]
Gawronski, B., De Houwer, J., & Sherman, J. W. (2020). Twenty-five years of research using implicit measures. Social Cognition, 38, s1-s25. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ledgerwood, A., & Eastwick, P. W. (2020). Implicit bias and anti-discrimination policy. Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 7, 99-106 . [pdf]
Heycke, T., & Gawronski, B. (2020). Co-occurrence and relational information in evaluative learning: A multinomial modeling approach. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 149, 104-124. [pdf] [osf] [materials]
Jaremka, L. M., Ackerman, J. M., Gawronski, B., Rule, N. O., Sweeny, K., Tropp, L. R., Metz, M. A., Molina, L., Ryan, W. S., & Vick, S. B. (2020). Common academic experiences no one talks about: Repeated rejection, imposter syndrome, and burnout. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 15, 519-543. [pdf]
Körner, A., Deutsch, R., & Gawronski, B. (2020). Using the CNI model to investigate individual differences in moral dilemma judgments. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46, 1392-1407. [pdf] [supp] [osf] [materials]
Koppehele-Gossel, J., Hoffmann, L., Banse, R., & Gawronski, B. (2020). Evaluative priming as an implicit measure of evaluation: An examination of outlier-treatments for evaluative priming scores. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 87, Article 103905. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Ledgerwood, A., Eastwick, P. W., & Gawronski, B. (2020). Experiences of liking versus ideas about liking. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 43, e136. [pdf]
Phills, C. E., Hahn, A., & Gawronski, B. (2020). The bidirectional causal relation between implicit stereotypes and implicit prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 46, 1318-1330. [pdf] [osf]
Weil, R., Palma, T., & Gawronski, B. (2020). When does contextual positivity influence judgments of familiarity? Investigating moderators of the positivity-familiarity effect. Social Cognition, 38, 119-145. [pdf] [osf]
2019
Bialek, M., Paruzel-Czachura, M., & Gawronski, B. (2019). Foreign language effects on moral dilemma judgments: An analysis using the CNI model. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 85, Article 103855. [pdf] [osf]
Brannon, S. M., Carr, S., Jin, E. S., Josephs, R. A., & Gawronski, B. (2019). Exogenous testosterone increases sensitivity to moral norms in moral dilemma judgments. Nature Human Behavior, 3, 856-866. [view] [osf]
Brannon, S. M., DeJong, A. & Gawronski, B. (2019). Determinants of lateral attitude change: The roles of object relatedness, attitude certainty, and moral conviction. Social Cognition, 37, 624-658. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Brownstein, M., Madva, A., & Gawronski, B. (2019). What do implicit measures measure? Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science, 10(5):e1501. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2019). Six lessons for a cogent science of implicit bias and its criticism. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 14, 574-595. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Brannon, S. M. (2019). What is cognitive consistency and why does it matter? In E. Harmon-Jones (Ed.), Cognitive dissonance: Reexamining a pivotal theory in psychology (2nd edition, pp. 91-116). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Brannon, S. M. (2019). Attitudes and the implicit-explicit dualism. In D. Albarracín & B. T. Johnson (Eds.), The handbook of attitudes. Volume 1: Basic principles (2nd edition, pp. 158-196). New York, NY: Routledge. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Hahn, A. (2019). Implicit measures: Procedures, use, and interpretation. In H. Blanton, J. M. LaCroix, & G. D. Webster (Eds.), Measurement in social psychology (pp. 29-55). New York, NY: Taylor & Francis. [pdf]
Hahn, A., & Gawronski, B. (2019). Facing one’s implicit biases: From awareness to acknowledgment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 116, 769-794. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Van Dessel, P., Gawronski, B., & De Houwer, J. (2019). Does explaining social behavior require multiple memory systems? Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 23, 368-369. [pdf]
2018
Brannon, S. M., & Gawronski, B. (2018). Does contextualized attitude change depend on individual differences in responses to belief-incongruent information? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 78, 148-161. [pdf] [supp] [osf]
Brannon, S. M., & Gawronski, B. (2018). In search of a negativity bias in expectancy-violation. Social Cognition, 36, 199-220. [pdf] [osf]
Brannon, S. M., & Gawronski, B. (2018). Cognitive consistency in social cognition. In M. Hogg (Ed.), The Oxford encyclopedia of social psychology. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2018). Evaluative conditioning from the perspective of the associative-propositional evaluation model. Social Psychological Bulletin, 13(3), e28024. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Conway, P., Armstrong, J., Friesdorf, R., & Hütter, M. (2018). Effects of incidental emotions on moral dilemma judgments: An analysis using the CNI model. Emotion, 18, 989-1008. [pdf] [osf]
Gawronski, B., Rydell, R. J., De Houwer, J., Brannon, S. M., Ye, Y., Vervliet, B., & Hu, X. (2018). Contextualized attitude change. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 57, 1-52. [pdf]
Hahn, A., & Gawronski, B. (2018). Implicit social cognition. In J. T. Wixted (Ed.), The Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience, Volume 4 (4th ed., pp. 395-427). New York, NY: Wiley. [pdf]
Ye, Y., & Gawronski, B. (2018). Validating the semantic misattribution procedure as an implicit measure of gender stereotyping. European Journal of Social Psychology, 48, 348-364. [pdf] [osf]
Ye, Y., & Gawronski, B. (2018). Contextualization of mental representations and evaluative responses: A theory-based analysis of cultural differences. In J. Spencer-Rodgers, & K. Peng (Eds.), The psychological and cultural foundations of East Asian cognition: Contradiction, change, and holism (pp. 243-265). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. [pdf]
2017
Brannon, S. M., & Gawronski, B. (2017). A second chance for first impressions? Exploring the context (in)dependent updating of implicit evaluations. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8, 275-283. [pdf] [osf]
Brannon, S. M., Sacchi, D. L. M., & Gawronski, B. (2017). (In)consistency in the eye of the beholder: The roles of warmth, competence, and valence in lay perceptions of inconsistency. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 70, 80-94. [pdf] [osf]
Deutsch, R., Gawronski, B., & Hofmann, W. (Eds). (2017). Reflective and impulsive determinants of human behavior. New York, NY: Psychology Press. [order]
Deutsch, R., Gawronski, B., & Hofmann, W. (2017). Reflection and impulse: A framwork for basic research and applied science. In: R. Deutsch, B. Gawronski, & W. Hofmann (Eds). Reflective and impulsive determinants of human behavior (pp. 1-15). New York, NY: Psychology Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Armstrong, J., Conway, P., Friesdorf, R., & Hütter, M. (2017). Consequences, norms, and generalized inaction in moral dilemmas: The CNI model of moral decision-making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 343-376. [pdf] [supp] [osf] [materials]
Gawronski, B., & Beer, J. S. (2017). What makes moral dilemma judgments "utilitarian" or "deontological"? Social Neuroscience, 12, 626-632. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2017). Beyond persons and situations: An interactionist approach to understanding implicit bias. Psychological Inquiry, 28, 268-272. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Brannon, S. M., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2017). The associative-propositional duality in the representation, formation, and expression of attitudes. In R. Deutsch, B. Gawronski, & W. Hofmann (Eds.), Reflective and impulsive determinants of human behavior (pp. 103-118). New York, NY: Psychology Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Morrison, M., Phills, C. E., & Galdi, S. (2017). Temporal stability of implicit and explicit measures: A longitudinal analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43, 300-312. [pdf] [osf] [corrigendum]
Hu, X., Gawronski, B., & Balas, R. (2017). Propositional versus dual-process accounts of evaluative conditioning: I. The effects of co-occurrence and relational information on implicit and explicit evaluations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 43, 17-32. [pdf] [osf]
Hu, X., Gawronski, B., & Balas, R. (2017). Propositional versus dual-process accounts of evaluative conditioning: II. The effectiveness of counter-conditioning and counter-instructions in changing implicit and explicit evaluations. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8, 858-866. [pdf] [osf]
Van Dessel, P., Gawronski, B., Smith, C. T., & De Houwer, J. (2017). Mechanisms underlying approach-avoidance instruction effects on implicit evaluation: Results of a preregistered adversarial collaboration. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 69, 23-32. [pdf] [osf]
Weil, R., Palma, T. A., & Gawronski, B. (2017). At the boundaries of misattribution: Does positivity influence judgments of familiarity in the affect misattribution procedure? Experimental Psychology, 64, 369-386. [pdf] [osf]
Ye, Y., Tong, Y.-Y., Chiu, C.-Y., & Gawronski, B. (2017). Attention to context during evaluative learning and context-dependent automatic evaluation: A cross-cultural analysis. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 70, 1-7. [pdf] [osf]
2016
Gawronski, B., Balas, R., & Hu, X. (2016). What do I know about it versus how do I feel about it? A theoretical analysis of response processes in evaluative conditioning. Social Cognition, 34, 357-381. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Conway, P., Armstrong, J., Friesdorf, R., & Hütter, M. (2016). Understanding responses to moral dilemmas: Deontological inclinations, utilitarian inclinations, and general action tendencies. In J. P. Forgas, L. Jussim, & P. A. M. Van Lange (Eds.), Social psychology of morality (pp. 91-110). New York, NY: Psychology Press. [pdf]
Morrison, M., DeVaul-Fetters, A., & Gawronski, B. (2016). Stacking the jury: Legal professionals' peremptory challenges reflect jurors' levels of implicit race bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 42, 1129-1141. [pdf] [osf]
Ye, Y., & Gawronski, B. (2016). When possessions become part of the self: Ownership and implicit self-object linking. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 64, 72-87. [pdf] [osf]
2015
Friesdorf, R., Conway, P., & Gawronski, B. (2015). Gender differences in responses to moral dilemmas: A process dissociation analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41, 696-713. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2015). When the data and theory don't match. In R. J. Sternberg, & S. T. Fiske (Eds.), Ethical challenges in the behavioral and brain sciences: Case studies and commentaries (pp. 85-86). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (Eds.). (2015). Theory and explanation in social psychology. New York, NY: Guilford Press. [order]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2015). Theory evaluation. In B. Gawronski, & G. V. Bodenhausen (Eds.), Theory and explanation in social psychology (pp. 3-23). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2015). Social-cognitive theories. In B. Gawronski, & G. V. Bodenhausen (Eds.), Theory and explanation in social psychology (pp. 65-83). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Galdi, S., & Arcuri, L. (2015). What can political psychology learn from implicit measures? Empirical evidence and new directions. Political Psychology, 36, 1-17. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Gast, A., & De Houwer, J. (2015). Is evaluative conditioning really resistant to extinction? Evidence for changes in evaluative judgments without changes in evaluative representations. Cognition and Emotion, 29, 816-830. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Hu, X., Rydell, R. J., Vervliet, B., & De Houwer, J. (2015). Generalization and contextualization in automatic evaluation revisited: A meta-analysis of successful and failed replications. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144, e50-e64. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Mitchell, D. G. V., & Balas, R. (2015). Is evaluative conditioning really uncontrollable? A comparative test of three emotion-focused strategies to prevent the acquisition of conditioned preferences. Emotion, 15, 556-568. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Ye, Y. (2015). Prevention of intention invention in the affect misattribution procedure. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6, 101-108. [pdf]
Hahn, A., & Gawronski, B. (2015). Implicit social cognition. In J. D. Wright (Ed.), The international encyclopedia of the social and behavioral sciences (2nd edition, pp. 714-720). Oxford: Elsevier. [pdf]
2014
Gawronski, B., Balas, R., & Creighton, L. A. (2014). Can the formation of conditioned attitudes be intentionally controlled? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 419-432. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2014). Implicit and explicit evaluation: A brief review of the associative-propositional evaluation model. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 8, 448-462. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2014). The associative-propositional evaluation model: Operating principles and operating conditions of evaluation. In J. W. Sherman, B. Gawronski, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories of the social mind (pp. 188-203). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & De Houwer, J. (2014). Implicit measures in social and personality psychology. In H. T. Reis, & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (2nd edition, pp. 283-310). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Mitchell, D. G. V. (2014). Simultaneous conditioning of valence and arousal. Cognition and Emotion, 28, 577-595. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Sherman, J. W., & Trope, Y. (2014). Two of what? A conceptual analysis of dual-process theories. In J. W. Sherman, B. Gawronski, & Y. Trope (Eds.), Dual-process theories of the social mind (pp. 3-19). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Ye, Y. (2014). What drives priming effects in the affect misattribution procedure? Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 3-15. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ye, Y., Rydell, R. J., & De Houwer, J. (2014). Formation, representation, and activation of contextualized attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 54, 188-203. [pdf]
Hahn, A., & Gawronski, B. (2014). Do implicit evaluations reflect unconscious attitudes? Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 37, 28-29. [pdf]
Sherman, J. W., Gawronski, B., & Trope, Y. (Eds.). (2014). Dual-process theories of the social mind. New York, NY: Guilford Press. [order]
2013
Bodenhausen, G. V., & Gawronski, B. (2013). Attitude change. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of cognitive psychology (pp. 957-969). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. [pdf]
Carraro, L., Castelli, L., & Gawronski, B. (2013). Explicit and implicit effects of attacking the electorate of the opposite party. Psicologia Sociale, 8, 279-296. [pdf]
Conway, P., & Gawronski, B. (2013). Deontological and utilitarian inclinations in moral decision-making: A process dissociation approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 104, 216-235. [pdf] [materials]
De Houwer, J., Gawronski, B., & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2013). A functional-cognitive framework for attitude research. European Review of Social Psychology, 24, 252-287. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2013). What should we expect from a dual-process theory of preference construction in choice? Journal of Consumer Psychology, 23, 556-560. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Cesario, J. (2013). Of mice and men: What animal research can tell us about context effects on automatic responses in humans. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 17, 187-215. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Creighton, L. A. (2013). Dual-process theories. In D. E. Carlston (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of social cognition (pp. 282-312). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Quinn, K. A. (2013). Guilty by mere similarity: Assimilative effects of facial resemblance on automatic evaluation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49, 120-125. [pdf]
2012
Balas, R., & Gawronski, B. (2012). On the intentional control of conditioned evaluative responses. Learning and Motivation, 43, 89-98. [pdf] [corrigendum]
Galdi, S., Gawronski, B., Arcuri, L., & Friese, M. (2012). Selective exposure in decided and undecided individuals: Differential relations to automatic associations and conscious beliefs. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 559-569. [pdf]
Gast, A., Gawronski, B., & De Houwer, J. (Eds.). (2012). New directions in evaluative conditioning research [Special Issues of Learning and Motivation, Volume 43, Issue 3]. New York, NY: Elsevier. [toc]
Gast, A., Gawronski, B., & De Houwer, J. (2012). Evaluative conditioning: Recent developments and future directions. Learning and Motivation, 43, 79-88. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2012). Back to the future of dissonance theory: Cognitive consistency as a core motive. Social Cognition, 30, 652-668. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2012). Meaning, violation of meaning, and meaninglessness in meaning maintenance. Psychological Inquiry, 23, 346-349. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2012). Self-insight from a dual-process perspective. In S. Vazire & T. D. Wilson (Eds.), Handbook of self-knowledge (pp. 22-38). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Brochu, P. M., Sritharan, R., & Strack, F. (2012). Cognitive consistency in prejudice-related belief systems: Integrating old-fashioned, modern, aversive and implicit forms of prejudice. In B. Gawronski & F. Strack (Eds.), Cognitive consistency: A fundamental principle in social cognition (pp. 369-389). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Strack, F. (2012). Cognitive consistency as a basic principle of social information processing. In B. Gawronski & F. Strack (Eds.), Cognitive consistency: A fundamental principle in social cognition (pp. 1-16). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Strack, F. (Eds.). (2012). Cognitive consistency: A fundamental principle in social cognition. New York, NY: Guilford Press. [order]
Gawronski, B., & Walther, E. (2012). What do memory data tell us about the role of contingency awareness in evaluative conditioning? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48, 617-623. [pdf]
2011
Brochu, P. M., Gawronski, B., & Esses, V. M. (2011). The integrative prejudice framework and different forms of weight prejudice: An analysis and expansion. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 14, 429-444. [pdf]
Carraro, L., Castelli, L., Matteoli, S., Pascoletti, E., & Gawronski, B. (2011). Di padre in figlio: La trasmissione degli stereotipi di genere all’interno della famiglia [From fathers to children: The transmission of gender stereotypes within the family]. Psicologia Sociale, 6, 153-170. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2011). The associative-propositional evaluation model: Theory, evidence, and open questions. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 59-127. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Deutsch, R., & Banse, R. (2011). Response interference tasks as indirect measures of automatic associations. In K. C. Klauer, A. Voss, & C. Stahl (Eds.), Cognitive methods in social psychology (pp. 78-123). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Galdi, S. (2011). Using implicit measures to read the minds of undecided voters. In M. Cadinu, S. Galdi, & A. Maass (Eds.), Social perception, cognition, and language in honour of Arcuri (pp. 203-216). Padova: CLEUP. [pdf]
Judd, C. M., & Gawronski, B. (2011). Editorial comment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 406. [pdf]
Peters, K. R., & Gawronski, B. (2011). Are we puppets on a string? Comparing the impact of contingency and validity on implicit and explicit evaluations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 37, 557-569. [pdf]
Peters, K. R., & Gawronski, B. (2011). Mutual influences between the implicit and explicit self-concepts: The role of memory activation and motivated reasoning. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 47, 436-442. [pdf]
2010
Banse, R., Gawronski, B., Rebetez, C., Gutt, H., & Morton, J. B. (2010). The development of spontaneous gender stereotyping in childhood: Relations to stereotype knowledge and stereotype flexibility. Developmental Science, 13, 298-306. [pdf]
Carraro, L., Gawronski, B., & Castelli, L. (2010). Losing on all fronts: The effects of negative versus positive person-based campaigns on implicit and explicit evaluations of political candidates. British Journal of Social Psychology, 49, 453-470. [pdf]
Castelli, L., Carraro, L., Gawronski, B., & Gava, K. (2010). On the determinants of implicit evaluations: When the present weighs more than the past. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46, 186-191. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Cunningham, W. A., LeBel, E. P., & Deutsch, R. (2010). Attentional influences on affective priming: Does categorization influence spontaneous evaluations of multiply categorizable objects? Cognition and Emotion, 24, 1008-1025. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Payne, B. K. (Eds.). (2010). Handbook of implicit social cognition: Measurement, theory, and applications. New York, NY: Guilford Press. [order]
Gawronski, B., Rydell, R. J., Vervliet, B., & De Houwer, J. (2010). Generalization versus contextualization in automatic evaluation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 139, 683-701. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Sritharan, R. (2010). Formation, change, and contextualization of mental associations: Determinants and principles of variations in implicit measures. In B. Gawronski, & B. K. Payne (Eds.), Handbook of implicit social cognition: Measurement, theory, and applications (pp. 216-240). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Norman, R. M. G., Gawronski, B., Hampson, E., Sorrentino, R. M., Szeto, A. C. H., & Ye, Y. (2010). Physical proximity in anticipation of meeting someone with schizophrenia: The role of explicit evaluations, implicit evaluations, and cortisol levels. Schizophrenia Research, 124, 74-80. [pdf]
Norman, R. M. G., Sorrentino, R. M., Gawronski, B., Szeto, A. C. H., Ye, Y., & Windell, D. (2010). Attitudes and physical proximity to an individual with schizophrenia: The moderating effect of self-transcendent values. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 45, 751-758. [pdf]
Payne, B. K., & Gawronski, B. (2010). A history of implicit social cognition: Where is it coming from? Where is it now? Where is it going? In B. Gawronski, & B. K. Payne (Eds.), Handbook of implicit social cognition: Measurement, theory, and applications (pp. 1-15). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Sritharan, R., & Gawronski, B. (2010). Changing implicit and explicit prejudice: Insights from the Associative-Propositional Evaluation Model. Social Psychology, 41, 113-123. [pdf]
Sritharan, R., Heilpern, K., Wilbur, C. J., & Gawronski, B. (2010). I think I like you: Spontaneous and deliberate evaluations of potential romantic partners in an online dating context. European Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 1062-1077. [pdf]
2009
Deutsch, R., & Gawronski, B. (2009). When the method makes a difference: Antagonistic effects on "automatic evaluations" as a function of task characteristics of the measure. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 101-114. [pdf]
Deutsch, R., Kordts-Freudinger, R., Gawronski, B., & Strack, F. (2009). Fast and fragile: A new look at the automaticity of negation processing. Experimental Psychology, 56, 434-446. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2009). The multiple inference model of social perception: Two conceptual problems and some thoughts on how to resolve them. Psychological Inquiry, 20, 24-29. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2009). Ten frequently asked questions about implicit measures and their frequently supposed, but not entirely correct answers. Canadian Psychology, 50, 141-150. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2009). Operating principles versus operating conditions in the distinction between associative and propositional processes. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 32, 207-208. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., LeBel, E. P., Peters, K. R., & Banse, R. (2009). Methodological issues in the validation of implicit measures. Comment on De Houwer, Teige-Mocigemba, Spruyt, and Moors (2009). Psychological Bulletin, 135, 369-372. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Strack, F., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2009). Attitudes and cognitive consistency: The role of associative and propositional processes. In R. E. Petty, R. H. Fazio, & P. Briñol (Eds.), Attitudes: Insights from the new implicit measures (pp. 86-117). New York, NY: Psychology Press. [pdf]
Langer, T., Walther, E., Gawronski, B., & Blank, H. (2009). When linking is stronger than thinking: Associative transfer of valence disrupts the emergence of cognitive balance after attitude change. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 45, 1232-1237. [pdf]
LeBel, E. P., & Gawronski, B. (2009). How to find what's in a name: Scrutinizing the optimality of five scoring algorithms for the name-letter task. European Journal of Personality, 23, 85-106. [pdf] [SPSS Syntax]
Ouimet, A. J., Gawronski, B., & Dozois, D. J. A. (2009). Cognitive vulnerability to anxiety: A review and an integrative model. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 459-470. [pdf]
Rydell, R. J., & Gawronski, B. (2009). I like you, I like you not: Understanding the formation of context-dependent automatic attitudes. Cognition and Emotion, 23, 1118-1152. [pdf]
Walther, E., Gawronski, B., Blank, H., & Langer, T. (2009). Changing likes and dislikes through the backdoor: The US revaluation effect. Cognition and Emotion, 23, 889-917. [pdf]
2008
Brochu, P. M., Gawronski, B., & Esses, V. M. (2008). Cognitive consistency and the relation between implicit and explicit prejudice: Reconceptualizing old-fashioned, modern, and aversive prejudice. In M. A. Morrison, & T. G. Morrison (Eds.), The psychology of modern prejudice (pp. 27-50). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers. [pdf]
Galdi, S., Arcuri, L., & Gawronski, B. (2008). Automatic mental associations predict future choices of undecided decision-makers. Science, 321, 1100-1102. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Deutsch, R., LeBel, E. P., & Peters, K. R. (2008). Response interference as a mechanism underlying implicit measures: Some traps and gaps in the assessment of mental associations with experimental paradigms. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 24, 218-225. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Deutsch, R., Mbirkou, S., Seibt, B., & Strack, F. (2008). When “just say no” is not enough: Affirmation versus negation training and the reduction of automatic stereotype activation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 370-377. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & LeBel, E. P. (2008). Understanding patterns of attitude change: When implicit measures show change, but explicit measures do not. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 44, 1355-1361. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Peters, K. R., Brochu, P. M., & Strack, F. (2008). Understanding the relations between different forms of racial prejudice: A cognitive consistency perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 648-665. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Peters, K. R., & LeBel, E. P. (2008). What makes mental associations personal or extra-personal? Conceptual issues in the methodological debate about implicit attitude measures. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2, 1002-1023. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Peters, K. R., & Strack., F. (2008). Cross-cultural differences vs. universality in cognitive dissonance: A conceptual reanalysis. In R. M. Sorrentino & S. Yamaguchi (Eds.), Handbook of motivation and cognition across cultures (pp. 297-314). New York, NY: Elsevier. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Walther, E. (2008). The TAR effect: When the ones who dislike become the ones who are disliked. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 1276-1289. [pdf]
Sherman, J. W., Gawronski, B., Gonsalkorale, K., Hugenberg, K., Allen, T. J., & Groom, C. J. (2008). The self-regulation of automatic associations and behavioral impulses. Psychological Review, 115, 314-335. [pdf]
2007
Gawronski, B. (Ed.). (2007). What is an attitude? [Special Issues of Social Cognition, Volume 25, Issue 5]. New York, NY: Guilford Press. [toc]
Gawronski, B. (2007). Attitudes can be measured! But what is an attitude? Social Cognition, 25, 573-581. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2007). Balance theory. In R. F. Baumeister, & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of social psychology (pp. 100-101). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2007). Correspondence bias. In R. F. Baumeister, & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of social psychology (pp. 194-195). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2007). Fundamental attribution error. In R. F. Baumeister, & K. D. Vohs (Eds.), Encyclopedia of social psychology (pp. 367-369). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2007). Unraveling the processes underlying evaluation: Attitudes from the perspective of the APE Model. Social Cognition, 25, 687-717. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2007). What do we know about implicit attitude measures and what do we have to learn? In B. Wittenbrink & N. Schwarz (Eds.), Implicit measures of attitudes (pp. 265-286). New York, NY: Guilford Press. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Bodenhausen, G. V., & Becker, A. P. (2007). I like it, because I like myself: Associative self-anchoring and post-decisional change of implicit evaluations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 221-232. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., LeBel, E. P., & Peters, K. R. (2007). What do implicit measures tell us? Scrutinizing the validity of three common assumptions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 181-193. [pdf]
Hofmann, W., Rauch, W., & Gawronski, B. (2007). And deplete us not into temptation: Automatic attitudes, dietary restraint, and self-regulatory resources as determinants of eating behavior. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43, 497-504. [pdf]
2006
Deutsch, R., Gawronski, B., & Strack, F. (2006). At the boundaries of automaticity: Negation as reflective operation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 385-405. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2006). Die Technik des Impliziten Assoziationstests als Grundlage für Objektive Persönlichkeitstests [The procedure of the Implicit Association Test as a basis for Objective Personality Tests]. In T. M. Ortner, R. T. Proyer, & K. D. Kubinger, K. (Eds.), Theorie und Praxis Objektiver Persönlichkeitstests (pp. 53-69). Bern: Hans Huber. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2006). Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 692-731. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2006). Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: Conceptual, empirical, and meta-theoretical issues. Reply to Albarracín, Hart, and McCulloch (2006), Kruglanski and Dechesne (2006), and Petty and Briñol (2006). Psychological Bulletin, 132, 745-750. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Hofmann, W., & Wilbur, C. J. (2006). Are “implicit” attitudes unconscious? Consciousness and Cognition, 15, 485-499. [pdf]
2005
Conrey, F. R., Sherman, J. W., Gawronski, B., Hugenberg, K., & Groom, C. (2005). Separating multiple processes in implicit social cognition: The quad-model of implicit task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 469-487. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Bodenhausen, G. V. (2005). Accessibility effects on implicit social cognition: The role of knowledge activation and retrieval experiences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 89, 672-685. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Bodenhausen, G. V., & Banse, R. (2005). We are, therefore they aren’t: In-group construal as a standard of comparison for out-group judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 515-526. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Deutsch, R., & Seidel, O. (2005). Contextual influences on implicit evaluation: A test of additive versus contrastive effects of evaluative context stimuli in affective priming. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1226-1236. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Deutsch, R., & Strack, F. (2005). Approach/avoidance-related motor actions and the processing of affective stimuli: Incongruency effects in automatic attention allocation. Social Cognition, 23, 182-203. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Walther, E., & Blank, H. (2005). Cognitive consistency and the formation of interpersonal attitudes: Cognitive balance affects the encoding of social information. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 41, 618-626. [pdf]
Hofmann, W., Gawronski, B., Gschwendner, T., Le, H., & Schmitt, M. (2005). A meta-analysis on the correlation between the Implicit Association Test and explicit self-report measures. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 31, 1369-1385. [pdf]
2004
Gawronski, B. (2004). Theory-based bias correction in dispositional inference: The fundamental attribution error is dead, long live the correspondence bias. European Review of Social Psychology, 15, 183-217. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Conrey, F. R. (2004). Der Implizite Assoziationstest als Maß automatisch aktivierter Assoziationen: Reichweite und Grenzen [The Implicit Association Test as a measure of automatically activated associations: Range and limits]. Psychologische Rundschau, 55, 118-126. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., & Strack, F. (2004). On the propositional nature of cognitive consistency: Dissonance changes explicit, but not implicit attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 40, 535-542. [pdf]
2003
Banse, R., & Gawronski, B. (2003). Die Skala Motivation zu vorurteilsfreiem Verhalten: Psychometrische Eigenschaften und Validität [The scale motivation to act without prejudice: Psychometric properties and validity]. Diagnostica, 49, 4-13. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2003). Implicational schemata and the correspondence bias: On the diagnostic value of situationally constrained behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 1154-1171. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2003). On difficult questions and evident answers: Dispositional inference from role-constrained behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 1459-1475. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Ehrenberg, K., Banse, R., Zukova, J., & Klauer, K. C. (2003). It’s in the mind of the beholder: The impact of stereotypic associations on category-based and individuating impression formation. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 39, 16-30. [pdf]
Gawronski, B., Geschke, D., & Banse, R. (2003). Implicit bias in impression formation: Associations influence the construal of individuating information. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 573-589. [pdf]
2002
Gawronski, B. (2002). What does the Implicit Association Test measure? A test of the convergent and discriminant validity of prejudice-related IATs. Experimental Psychology, 49, 171-180. [pdf]
Gawronski, B. (2002). Methodisches und längsschnittliche Auswertungsstrategien [Methods and longitudinal data analyses]. In W. Scholl & H. Sydow (Eds.), Mobilität im Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter (pp. 26-34). Münster: Waxmann.
Gawronski, B. (2002). Allgemeine Wertorientierungen: Struktur, längsschnittliche Stabilität und Verhaltenswirksamkeit [General values: Structure, longitudinal stability, and behavioral impact]. In W. Scholl & H. Sydow (Eds.), Mobilität im Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter (pp. 149-172). Münster: Waxmann.
Gawronski, B., Alshut, E., Grafe, J., Nespethal, J., Ruhmland, A., & Schulz, L. (2002). Prozesse der Urteilsbildung über bekannte und unbekannte Personen: Wie der erste Eindruck die Verarbeitung neuer Informationen beeinflusst [Processes of judging known and unknown persons: How the first impression influences the processing of new information]. Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie, 33, 25-34. [pdf]
2001
Gawronski, B. (2001). Implicational schemata and correspondence bias: The role of implicit theories in situational adjustment. Lengerich: Pabst Science Publishers. [order]
Gawronski, B., & Erb, H. P. (2001). Meinungsführerschaft und Persuasion [Opinion leadership and persuasion]. Marketing – Zeitschrift für Forschung und Praxis, 23, 199-208. [pdf]
Klocke, U., Gawronski, B., & Scholl, W. (2001). Einstellungen zu Umwelt und Mobilität bei Jugendlichen: Gesellschaftliche Trends, Generationenunterschiede und Alterseffekte [Young people's attitudes toward environmental and mobility issues: Social trends, generation differences, and age-related changes]. Umweltpsychologie, 5, 10-33. [pdf]
2000
Gawronski, B. (2000). Falsifikationismus und Holismus in der experimentellen Psychologie: Logische Grundlagen und methodologische Konsequenzen [Falsificationism and holism in experimental psychology: Logical foundations and methodological consequences]. Zeitschrift für Sozialpsychologie, 31, 3-17. [pdf]
1999
Bachmann, T., Gawronski, B., & Scholl, W. (1999). Werthaltungen und Freizeitmobilität [Values and leisure travel]. In U. Brannolte, K. Axhausen, H.-L. Dienel, & A. Rade (Eds.), Freizeitverkehr: Innovative Analysen und Lösungsansätze in einem multidisziplinären Handlungsfeld (pp. 77-88). Berlin: Technische Universität Berlin.